![]() ![]() has recently shifted from federal guidance to state-by-state mandates for autonomous cars. Will autonomous cars have trouble in tunnels or on bridges? How will they do in bumper-to-bumper traffic? Will autonomous cars be relegated to a specific lane? Will they be granted carpool lane access? And what about the fleet of legacy cars still sharing the roadways for the next 20 or 30 years? How will the cameras and sensors track lane markings if the markings are obscured by water, oil, ice, or debris? What happens when an autonomous car drives in heavy precipitation? If there’s a layer of snow on the road, lane dividers disappear. If multiple autonomous cars were to drive on the same road, would their lidar signals interfere with one another? And if multiple radio frequencies are available, will the frequency range be enough to support mass production of autonomous cars? Lidar is expensive and is still trying to strike the right balance between range and resolution. The challenges range from the technological and legislative to the environmental and philosophical. Hard-coded rules, obstacle avoidance algorithms, predictive modeling, and object recognition help the software follow traffic rules and navigate obstacles.įully autonomous (Level 5) cars are undergoing testing in several pockets of the world, but none are yet available to the general public. We’re still years away from that. Sophisticated software then processes all this sensory input, plots a path, and sends instructions to the car’s actuators, which control acceleration, braking, and steering. Ultrasonic sensors in the wheels detect curbs and other vehicles when parking. Lidar (light detection and ranging) sensors bounce pulses of light off the car’s surroundings to measure distances, detect road edges, and identify lane markings. Video cameras detect traffic lights, read road signs, track other vehicles, and look for pedestrians. ![]() Radar sensors monitor the position of nearby vehicles. Autonomous cars rely on sensors, actuators, complex algorithms, machine learning systems, and powerful processors to execute software.Īutonomous cars create and maintain a map of their surroundings based on a variety of sensors situated in different parts of the vehicle. ![]()
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